Abd-Allah F, Khedr E, Oraby MI, Bedair AS, Georgy SS, Moustafa RR. Stroke burden in Egypt: data from five epidemiological studies. Int J Neurosci. 2018;128(8):765–71.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Boehme AK, Esenwa C, Elkind MS. Stroke risk factors, genetics, and prevention. Circ Res. 2017;120(3):472–95.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Mohamed NH, Nemr AA, Elghareeb HA, Abed EE. Intravenous thrombolysis with rt-PA in patients with acute ischemic stroke: experience of Al-Azhar University Hospitals and Almaadi Military Hospital Stroke Units. Egyptian J Hospital Med. 2018;73(4):6412–6.
Google Scholar
Urimubenshi G, Cadilhac DA, Kagwiza JN, Wu O, Langhorne P. Stroke care in Africa: A systematic review of the literature. International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society. 2018;13(8):797–805.
Article
Google Scholar
Committees MS. About mena stroke middle east and north africa stroke organization (mena stroke). 2018. Available from: http://menastroke.org/aboutmenastroke/. [Accessed in: Feb, 2019].
Google Scholar
Abd-Allah F, Moustafa RR. Burden of stroke in Egypt: current status and opportunities. Int J Stroke. 2014;9(8):1105–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Louis ED, Mayer SA, Rowland LP. Cerebrovascular Diseases. Merritt’s neurology 1. 13th ed. Philadelphia, USA: Wolters Kluwer: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2016. p. 267–82.
Google Scholar
Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, Adeoye OMB, N. C, Becker KJ, Biller J, et al. AHA/ASA Guideline: 2018 Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke. 2018;49(3):e8–e48.
Article
Google Scholar
Strbian D, Michel P, Seiffge DJ, Saver JL, Numminen H, Meretoja A, et al. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after stroke thrombolysis: comparison of prediction scores. Stroke. 2014;45(3):752–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Strbian D, Engelter S, Michel P, Meretoja A, Sekoranja L, Ahlhelm FJ, et al. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after stroke thrombolysis: the SEDAN score. Ann Neurol. 2012;71(5):634–41.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jauch EC, Saver JL, Adams HP, Bruno A, Demaerschalk BM, Khatri P, et al. Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2013;44:870–947.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vanacker P, Heldner MR, Amiguet M, Faouzi M, Cras P, Ntaios G, et al. Prediction of large vessel occlusions in acute stroke: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale is hard to beat. Crit Care Med. 2016;44(6):e336–43.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Carrera D, Campbell BC, Cortés J, Gorchs M, Querol M, Jiménez X, et al. Predictive value of modifications of the Prehospital Rapid Arterial Occlusion Evaluation Scale for large vessel occlusion in patients with acute stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2017;26(1):74–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Perez de la Ossa N, Carrera D, Gorchs M, Querol M, Millan M, Gomis M, et al. Design and validation of a prehospital stroke scale to predict large arterial occlusion: the Rapid Arterial Occlusion Evaluation Scale. Stroke. 2013;45(1):87–91.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lima FO, Silva GS, Furie KL, Frankel MR, Lev MH, Camargo ÉCS, et al. Field assessment stroke triage for emergency destination. Stroke. 2016;47(8):1997–2002.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Pexman JHW, Barber PA, Hill MD, Sevick RJ, Demchuk AM, Hudon ME, et al. Use of the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) for assessing CT scans in patients with acute stroke. Am J Neuroradiol. 2001;22(8):1534–42.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cheng NT, Kim AS. Intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke within 3 hours versus between 3 and 4.5 hours of symptom onset. The Neurohospitalist. 2015;5(3):101–9.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wardlaw JM, Murray V, Berge E, del Zoppo G, Sandercock P, Lindley RL, et al. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischaemic stroke: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet. 2012;379(9834):2364–72.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Hacke W, Kaste M, Bluhmki E, Brozman M, Dávalos A, Guidetti D, et al. Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:1317–29.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sandercock P, Wardlaw J, Lindley RI, Dennis M, Cohen G, Murray G, et al. The benefits and harms of intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator within 6 h of acute ischaemic stroke (the third international stroke trial [IST-3]): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2012;379(9834):2352–63.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
You S, Saxena A, Wang X, Tan W, Han Q, Cao Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in mild ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis. Stroke and Vascular Neurology. 2018;3:22–7.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Salam KA, Ummer K, Kumar VG, Noone ML, Laila A, Ragini J. Intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke: the Malabar experience 2003 to 2008. J Clin Neurosci. 2009;16(10):1276–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Guzik A, Bushnell C. Stroke epidemiology and risk factor management. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2017;23(1):15–39.
Google Scholar
Hiraga A. Gender differences and stroke outcomes. Neuroepidemiology. 2017;48(1-2):61–2.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Reeves MJ, Bushnell CD, Howard G, Gargano JW, Duncan PW, Lynch G, et al. Sex differences in stroke: epidemiology, clinical presentation, medical care, and outcomes. The Lancet Neurology. 2008;7(10):915–26.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Haast RA, Gustafson DR, Kiliaan AJ. Sex differences in stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2012;32(12):2100–7.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Williams JE, Chimowitz MI, Cotsonis GA, Lynn MJ, Waddy SP, Investigators W. Gender differences in outcomes among patients with symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis. Stroke. 2007;38(7):2055–62.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Keheya S, Tekatas A, Aynacı Ö, Utku U, Solmaz V. A comparison of risk factors and prognosis between intra and extracranial acute atherosclerotic stroke in the Turkish population: a prospective study. Neurol Res. 2016;38(10):864–70.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Appelros P, Stegmayr B, Terent A. A review on sex differences in stroke treatment and outcome. Acta Neurol Scand. 2010;121(6):359–69.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pu Y, Wei N, Yu D, Wang Y, Zou X, Soo YOY, et al. Sex differences do not exist in outcomes among stroke patients with intracranial atherosclerosis in China: subgroup analysis from the Chinese Intracranial Atherosclerosis Study. Neuroepidemiology. 2017;48(1-2):48–54.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Barker-Collo S, Bennett DA, Krishnamurthi RV, Parmar P, Feigin VL, Naghavi M, et al. Sex differences in stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Neuroepidemiology. 2015;45(3):203–14.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kasemsap N, Vorasoot N, Kongbunkiat K, Peansukwech U, Tiamkao S, Sawanyawisuth K. Impact of intravenous thrombolysis on length of hospital stay in cases of acute ischemic stroke. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2018;14:259–64.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Fjaertoft H, Rohweder G, Indredavik B. Stroke unit care combined with early supported discharge improves 5-year outcome: a randomized controlled trial. Stroke. 2011;42(6):1707–11.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ido MS, Okosun IS, Bayakly R, Clarkson L, Lugtu J, Floyd S, et al. Door to intravenous tissue plasminogen activator time and hospital length of stay in acute ischemic stroke patients, Georgia, 2007-2013. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2016;25(4):866–71.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Muchada M, Rodriguez-Luna D, Pagola J, Flores A, Sanjuan E, Meler P, et al. Impact of time to treatment on tissue-type plasminogen activator-induced recanalization in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2014;45(9):2734–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ehrlich ME, Liang L, Kosinski A, Hernandez AF, Schwamm L, Smith EE, et al. Abstract TMP79: use of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator in patients with history of prior stroke plus diabetes mellitus. Stroke. 2019;50(Suppl 1):ATMP79.
Google Scholar
Stone JA, Willey JZ, Keyrouz S, Butera J, McTaggart RA, Cutting S, et al. Therapies for hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2017;19(1):1.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Seet RC, Rabinstein AA. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage following intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke: a critical review of case definitions. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2012;34(2):106–14.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wahlgren N, Ahmed N, Dávalos A, Ford GA, Grond M, Hacke W, et al. Thrombolysis with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke in the Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study (SITS-MOST): an observational study. Lancet. 2007;369(9558):275–82.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group: tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1581–7.
Article
Google Scholar
Chang A, Llinas EJ, Chen K, Llinas RH, Marsh EB. Shorter intensive care unit stays? The majority of post-intravenous tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) symptomatic hemorrhages occur within 12 hours of treatment. Stroke. 2018;49(6):1521–4.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Paciaroni M, Agnelli G, Corea F, Ageno W, Alberti A, Lanari A, et al. Early hemorrhagic transformation of brain infarction: rate, predictive factors, and influence on clinical outcome: results of a prospective multicenter study. Stroke. 2008;39(8):2249–56.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lansberg MG, Thijs VN, Bammer R, Kemp S, Wijman CA, Marks MP, et al. Risk factors of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage after tPA therapy for acute stroke. Stroke. 2007;38(8):2275–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Bruno A, Levine SR, Frankel MR, Brott TG, Lin Y, Tilley BC, et al. Admission glucose level and clinical outcomes in the NINDS rt-PA Stroke Trial. Neurology. 2002;59:669–74.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dzialowski I, Pexman JH, Barber PA, Demchuk AM, Buchan AM, Hill MD, et al. Asymptomatic hemorrhage after thrombolysis may not be benign: prognosis by hemorrhage type in the Canadian alteplase for stroke effectiveness study registry. Stroke. 2007;38(1):75–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Liu MD, Ning WD, Wang RC, Chen W, Yang Y, Lin Y, et al. Low-dose versus standard-dose tissue plasminogen activator in acute ischemic stroke in Asian populations: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94(52):e2412.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Zhou XY, Wang SS, Collins ML, Davis SM, Yan B. Efficacy and safety of different doses of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator in Chinese patients with ischemic stroke. J Clin Neurosci. 2010;17(8):988–92.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ong CT, Wong YS, Wu CS, Su YH. Outcome of stroke patients receiving different doses of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2017;11:1559–66.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Huang YH, Zhuo ST, Chen YF, Li MM, Lin YY, Yang ML, et al. Factors influencing clinical outcomes of acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. Chin Med J (Engl). 2013;126(24):4685–90.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Koennecke HC, Belz W, Berfelde D, Endres M, Fitzek S, Hamilton F, et al. Factors influencing in-hospital mortality and morbidity in patients treated on a stroke unit. Neurology. 2011;77:965–72.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar