Articles

Early disability in ambulatory patients with multiple sclerosis: optical coherence tomography versus visual evoked potentials, a comparative study

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common cause of neurological disabilities in adults and commonly affects the visual pathway. The objective of this study is to assess and compare the sensitivity of visual evoked p...

Authors: Mohamed N. Thabit, Mahmoud Mohamed Farouk, Martha Awni and Al-Amir Bassiouny Mohamed

Diagnostic dilemma of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): insights from the first ALS specialized clinic in Egypt

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) diagnosis could be challenging in some cases and a thorough workup should be done to rule out ALS mimics. Thus, diagnosis should be made by an experienced neurologist and sh...

Authors: Hebatallah R. Rashed and Mohamed A. Tork

Proper timing of control of hypertension and outcome in acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

Hypertension is the commonest cause of acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) which is life-threatening with a poor prognosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognosis and blood pressure mo...

Authors: Ahmed Esmael, Wessam Fathi, Mahmoud Abdelbadie, Nehal Tharwat Mohammed El-sayed, Mahitab Ghoneim and Aymen Abdelnaby

Essential tremor: what is beyond the oscillatory monosymptomatic illness?

Essential tremor (ET) is now considered as a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder with a variety of motor and non-motor manifestations. The objectives of this work were to study the existence of cogni...

Authors: Mahmoud Ebrahim Mostafa Elhassanien, Khaled Hussein Rashed, Wafik Said Bahnasy, Yasser Abo Elfotoh El-Heneedy, Ehab Ahmed Shawky El-Seidy, Mohamed Osama Tomoum, Kareem Mohammed Ramadan, Mona Ahmed Kotait, Reham Abdel Rahman Amer and Shereen Ahmed ELAhwal

Post-stroke depression: frequency, risk factors, and impact on quality of life among 103 stroke patients—hospital-based study

Post-stroke depression (PSD) has worse functional outcomes and quality of life. Despite the extensive literature on this topic, there is no agreement on the frequency or risk factors for post-stroke depression.

Authors: Eman M. Khedr, Ahmed A. Abdelrahman, Tarek Desoky, Ahmed Fathi Zaki and Ayman Gamea

Polyradiculitis in autoimmune encephalitis: a case report and review

Limbic encephalitis is a subacute progressive disorder characterized by disturbances in memory and behavior along with seizures. Antibodies against leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) are associated with ...

Authors: Tejas R. Mehta and Elanagan Nagarajan

A case of anti-LGI-1 encephalitis presented as acute psychosis

Anti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated protein-1 (LGI-1) encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disease with a varied neuropsychiatric clinical manifestation and have potential for reversal with immunotherapy. Early ...

Authors: Mohammed Reyazuddin, Faisal Shaan and S. A. Azmi

Knowledge of the Egyptian emergency physicians about the use of rt-PA in acute ischemic stroke

The administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) has increased the focus on acute ischemic stroke (AIS) as an emergency condition. The emergency physicians have to rapidly recognize the p...

Authors: Mohamed El-Sayed El-khatib, Shereen Ahmed El Ahwal, Muhammad Masoud and Sherine El Mously

Cinnarizine- and flunarizine-associated movement disorder: a literature review

Cinnarizine (CNZ) and flunarizine (FNZ) belong to the calcium channel blockers class of medication.

Authors: Jamir Pitton Rissardo and Ana Letícia Fornari Caprara

Olanzapine in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: a systematic review

Anorexia nervosa, with the highest mortality rate among psychiatric diseases, is characterized by low body mass index, fear of weight gain, and disturbed body image. Even though multiple drugs have been propos...

Authors: Sidar Çöpür and Mazlum Çöpür

Comparison of efficiency between platelet rich plasma and corticosteroid injection therapies in patients with Carpal tunnel syndrome: a prospective randomized controlled study

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common upper limb entrapment neuropathy caused by compression of the median nerve as it traverses the wrist at the carpal tunnel.

Authors: Noha Ali Hashim, Hala Ahmed Fathy, Marwa Mohammed Esawy and Marwa Ahmed Shabana

New stroke prognostic factors

Understanding ischemic stroke pathogenesis helps in prevention, prognosis, and treatment. Stroke is greatly related to inflammation and thrombo-genesis as inflammatory cells (as neutrophils-lymphocytes) and th...

Authors: Wafeek M. Elsheikh, Ibrahim E. Alahmar, Gelan Mahmoud Salem and Eman S. Matar

Evaluation of F wave and split hand index in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by gradual disturbance of both upper and lower motor neurons (LMN). In ALS, muscle wasting favors the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and first dorsal intero...

Authors: Noor H. Mohammed, Farqad B. Hamdan and Akram M. Al-Mahdawi

Risk factors for early and late recurrent ischemic strokes

Nationally, information regarding risk factors for early and late recurrence of ischemic stroke is limited.

Authors: Hassan Mohammed Elnady, Gharib Fawi Mohammed, Hazem Kamal Elhewag, Mohamed Khodery Mohamed and Ahmed Borai

Papillary tumour of the pineal region: a case report

Papillary tumor of the pineal region is an unusual, recently described entity with potential for misinterpretation as either an ependymoma or choroid plexus papilloma. With few reported cases, there is little ...

Authors: Michael Bromfield, Christos Profyris, Aadila Mehtar, Marna Du Toit and Reubina Wadee

Intraventricular neurocysticercosis presenting as Bruns’ syndrome: An uncommon presentation

Though parenchymal neurocysticercosis is common and a major contributor to burden of seizures in most parts of the world, intraventricular neurocysticercosis (IVNCC) comprises 10–20% of cases and poses a diagn...

Authors: Faheem Arshad, Shilpa Rao, Raghavendra Kenchaiah, Chandrajit Prasad and Abhinith Shashidhar

Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: a review of twenty-one operated cases

Microvascular decompression of facial nerve provides definitive and long-term cure for hemifacial spasm. We review our experience of treating hemifacial spasm by microvascular decompression.

Authors: Amey P. Patankar

Can diffusion tensor imaging lesion patterns predict the outcome of ischemic stroke?

Stroke can affect any portion of the central nervous system leading to a wide variety of symptoms depending on the part that is involved. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an emerging neuroimaging technique th...

Authors: Mervat Mostafa, Maged Abdel Naseer, Ramy Edward, Mohammad Edrees and Dalia M. Labib

Endovascular stenting of medically refractory intracranial arterial stenotic (ICAS) disease (clinical and sonographic study)

Atherosclerotic intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS) is one of the most common causes of stroke worldwide and is associated with a high risk of recurrent stroke. Patients with a recent transient ischemic atta...

Authors: Ayman Mohamed Nassef, Eman Mahmoud Awad, Ahmed Ali El-bassiouny, Hossam Eldin Mahmoud Afify, Romany Adly Yousef and Mohamed Ahmed Shafik

Biochemical and structural magnetic resonance imaging in chronic stroke and the relationship with upper extremity motor function

Recovery of upper extremity (UE) motor function after stroke is variable from one to another due to heterogeneity of stroke pathology. Structural and biochemical magnetic resonance imaging of the primary motor...

Authors: Mohamed Mahmoud Mostafa, Eman Mahmoud Awad, Ahmed Mohamed Hazzou, Mohamed Khaled Ahmed Elewa, Tougan Taha Abdel Aziz and Dalia Maher Samy

The effect of nocturnal epileptic seizures on cognitive functions in children with idiopathic epilepsy

Cognitive impairment is a common finding epileptic children. Studies have linked nocturnal epileptic discharges to delayed cognitive abilities in children.

Authors: Ayman M. Al-Malt, Shereen A. Abo Hammar, Khaled H. Rashed and Osama A. Ragab

Effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on different severities of carpal tunnel syndrome

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome worldwide.

Authors: Usama Mohammad Rashad, Nirmeen A. Kishk, Waleed Talat Mansour, Amani M. Nawito, Alshaimaa Sobhi Khalil, Hanan Helmy and Tarek Kamal Zayed

Bladder and urodynamic changes in multiple sclerosis

Urinary dysfunction is a common symptom during the course of multiple sclerosis (MS). Long-term follow-up of the natural history of bladder dysfunction in MS has been seldom addressed.

Authors: Hesham Torad, Nevin Shalaby, Hussein Aly Hussein, Samih Z. Sadek, Mohamed S. Abdelazim, Ahmed Yehia, Samer Morsy and Shaimaa H. Soliman

Isolated subtle asymmetric slowing on EEG leading to a diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis

Autoimmune encephalitis presents with subacute neurological, psychiatric, and behavioral symptoms. In many cases, MRI and CSF studies return normal. Laboratory testing for pathogenic neuronal antibodies is lim...

Authors: Belal Aldabbour, Khalid El-Salem, Suha Aqaileh, Deema Obiedat, Mohammad Qasaimeh, Majdi Al Qawasmeh, Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi and Ahmed Yassin

Vitamin D status in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: an Egyptian study

Vitamin D is suggested to play an important role in neurodegenerative disorders.

Authors: Ebtesam Mohamed Fahmy, Mohamed Elsayed Elawady, Sahar Sharaf, Sarah Heneidy and Rania Shehata Ismail

COVID-19 pandemic and the risk of infection in multiple sclerosis patients on disease modifying therapies: “what the bleep do we know?”

The novel coronavirus which emerged in Wuhan province of China has taken world by surprise. Since been diagnosed in December 2019, it has been termed a “Pandemic” and there is a growing concern in physicians a...

Authors: Salman Mansoor, Siobhan Kelly, Kevin Murphy, Aine Waters and Nauman Saleem Siddiqui

Elucidation of the levels of vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium in the serum of Egyptian migraine patients: a case-control study

Migraine, although, is a prevalent disease; its pathogenesis is complex and still not fully elucidated. The effect of vitamin D on various neurological disorders is thought to be exerted either directly via it...

Authors: Dorreya A. Elsayed, Karam S. Amin, Ibrahim A. Elsayed and Noha A. Hashim

A study of diffusion tensor imaging of median nerve in diabetic peripheral neuropathy

To evaluate the role of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in the evaluation of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) compared to clinical scores and nerve conduction studies (NCS).

Authors: Ramy Edward, Ahmed M. Abdelalim, Amal S. Ashour, Lamia Afifi and Aussan Al-Athwari

Magnitude, risk factors and outcomes of stroke at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective observational study

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in developing countries. The burden of stroke has varied widely in different areas, and there is a paucity of information about stroke in the selecte...

Authors: Henok Mulugeta, Amare Yehuala, Dessalegn Haile, Nakachew Mekonnen, Getenet Dessie, Getachew Mullu Kassa, Zerihun Shimelis Kassa and Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold

Bell’s palsy: clinical and neurophysiologic predictors of recovery

The annual incidence of Bell’s palsy (BP) is 15 to 20 per 100,000 with 40,000 new cases each year, and the lifetime risk is 1 in 60. For decades, clinicians have searched the prognostic tests of sufficient acc...

Authors: Mohamed E. Flifel, Tamer Belal and Ali A. Abou Elmaaty

Role of diffusion-weighted imaging in differentiation between posterior fossa brain tumors

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is an imaging modality using multi-section single-shot spin echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence which is extremely sensitive for detection of water motion within intra, extra, a...

Authors: W. F. Mustafa, M. Abbas and L. Elsorougy

Functional outcome of joint mobilization added to task-oriented training on hand function in chronic stroke patients

Approximately half of stroke patients show impaired upper limb and hand function. Task-oriented training focuses on functional tasks, while joint mobilization technique aims to restore the accessory movements ...

Authors: Asmaa Sabbah, Sherine El Mously, Hanan Helmy Mohamed Elgendy, Mona Adel Abd Eltawab Farag and Abeer Abo Bakr Elwishy

Comment to “The effects of Kinesio taping of lower limbs on functional mobility, spasticity, and range of motion of children with spastic cerebral palsy” by Mirjavad Tabatabaee et al.

Authors: Faizan Zaffar Kashoo and Mehrunnisha Ahmad

Effects of mobile phones electromagnetic radiation on patients with epilepsy: an EEG study

Recently, an exceptional increase was witnessed in cell phone users. The brain has greater exposure to the electromagnetic field (EMF) created during mobile phone use than the rest of the body, which may impai...

Authors: Radwa Azmy, Reham Shamloul, Noha Abdalla Farag Elsawy, Saly Elkholy and Eman Maher

Epilepsy surgery for refractory seizures: a systematic review and meta-analysis in different complications

Nearly one-third of epilepsy patients are refractory/resistant to medical treatment. Developments made in surgical techniques have significantly increased the effectiveness and safety of these techniques, as s...

Authors: Maryam Joudi Mashhad, Hadi Harati, Fateme Parooie and Morteza Salarzaei

Relation between serum amylin level and epilepsy

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by convulsions. Identification of biological pathways underlying epilepsy and novel genes may shed light on the pathogenesis of epilepsy as well as new targets...

Authors: Necla Benlier, Gokhan Ozer and Nuri Orhan

Role of nerve ultrasound versus electrophysiological studies in the evaluation of nerve injuries

High-resolution ultrasonography (US) is a non-invasive, readily applicable imaging modality capable of depicting real-time static and dynamic information concerning the peripheral nerves and their surrounding ...

Authors: Neveen Mohamed Elfayoumy, Hanan Helmy Elgendy, Marwa Saad Afify Saad and Amira A. Labib

Multiple level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion versus posterior laminectomy for the management of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy: clinical and radiological outcome

Though both anterior and posterior approach are used for the management of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), the choice between both approaches remains to be of considerable debate.

Authors: Omar El Farouk Ahmed and Ahmed Galal

Isolated Horner’s Syndrome Secondary To Rhinosinusitis: A Case Report And Literature Review

Horner’s syndrome (HS) is characterized by unilateral ptosis, ipsilateral miosis with normally reactive pupil, and in some cases, ipsilateral facial anhidrosis.

Authors: Jamir Pitton Rissardo, Ana Letícia Fornari Caprara, Juliana Oliveira Freitas Silveira and Paulo Gilberto Medeiros Jauris

Management of recurrent unilateral lumbar disc herniation in a single level: unilateral versus bilateral pedicle screws fixation with interbody fusion

Lumbar interbody fusion procedure is a recognized surgical technique in management of a variety of lumbar pathologies including recurrent lumbar disc prolapse. Interbody fusion augmented by pedicle screw fixat...

Authors: Omar El Farouk Ahmed, Sherif H. Morad and Ahmed S. Abdelbar

Role of serum biomarkers and transcranial Doppler in predicting cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) can have serious consequences related to vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Serum biomarkers have emerged as a promising assessment tool to facilitate earl...

Authors: Maged Mohammad Abdelnaseer, Ahmed Abdelkader Nemr, Sandra Mohammad Ahmed, Alshaimaa M. Aboul fotouh, Amro Mohammad Ahmed Soliman, Ahmed Abdullah El-Fiki and Safinaz Hassan Osman

Single level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion versus dynamic cervical implant: clinical and radiological outcome

Although anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is considered a gold standard approach for surgical management of cervical disc herniation syndromes, the use of dynamic cervical implant (DCI) provided ...

Authors: Omar El Farouk Ahmed and Ahmed Galal

Can electrophysiological tests be used as screening tools in detection of cognitive impairment in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome?

One of the most prevalent sleep disorders is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Patients with OSA have increased risk of car and work place accidents which may be attributed to cognitive impairment due to poor sle...

Authors: Mona M. Nada, Eman A. Maher, Mye A. Basheer and Leqaa A. El-Mekkawy

Anti-GAD-associated limbic encephalitis: an unusual clinical manifestation from northwest of Ireland

We report an unusual manifestation of anti-GAD-associated limbic encephalitis in a 59-year-old man following pacemaker insertion for cardiac pauses. Clinically, the association of anti-GAD antibody with limbic...

Authors: Salman Mansoor and Kevin Murphy

Salivary alpha-synuclein (total and oligomeric form): potential biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common degenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Alpha-synuclein (A-syn) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of PD. The close relation between...

Authors: Hala Shaheen, Sayed Sobhy, Sherine El Mously, Marwa Abuomira and Mohamed Mansour

Detection of airway protective level of the cough reflex in acute stroke patients

The most common respiratory complications in cerebrovascular strokes were respiratory infection, pulmonary edema, acute lung injury (ALI) acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pulmonary embolism (PE)....

Authors: Ehab Shaker Belal, Samah Selim, Alshaimaa M. Aboul fotouh and Asmaa Mohammad

Polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation can improve specific language impairment in preschool children: a pilot study

Speech and language are one of the higher cognitive brain functions. Language delay is one of the major concerns of child health in Egypt. Speech therapy is the standard management in language delay.

Authors: Dalia G. Yasseen, Nermien E. Waly and Khaled O. Abdulghani

The role of left prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation in episodic migraine prophylaxis

The aim of the study was to examine the prophylactic role of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the frequency, and severity of migraine attacks in episodic migraineurs who failed medical tr...

Authors: Randa Amin, Tamer Emara, Samia Ashour, Mahmoud Hemeda, Nahed Salah Eldin, Salma Hamed, Sara Shouman and Mohamed Shouman

Impact of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome on disability in patients with multiple sclerosis

Currently, little is known regarding the association of metabolic comorbidities and disability among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.

Authors: Rasha Hassan Soliman, Hanan Mohamed Farhan, Mohamed Hegazy, Mohammed Ibrahim Oraby, Shaimaa Hossam Kamel and Amr Hassan

Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and response to plasmapheresis in Guillain–Barré syndrome: a prospective observational study

Guillain–Barré Syndrome (GBS) is one of the most severe neurological diseases that causes marked disability and even death.

Authors: Noha Ali Hashim, Wafaa Samir Mohamed and Engy Mohammed Emad