Kalia LV, Lang AE. Parkinson's disease. Lancet. 2015;386(9996):896–912. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61393-3.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lee VM-Y, Trojanowski JQ. Mechanisms of Parkinson's disease linked to pathological α-synuclein: new targets for drug discovery. Neuron. 2006;52(1):33–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2006.09.026.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schapira AH, Jenner P. Etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2011;26(6):1049–55. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.23732.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Haghnejad L, Emamalizadeh B, Jamshidi J, Bidoki AZ, Ghaedi H, Ahmadi E, et al. Variation in the miRNA-433 binding site of FGF20 is a risk factor for Parkinson's disease in Iranian population. J Neurol Sci. 2015;355(1-2):72–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2015.05.020.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Winkler S, Hagenah J, Lincoln S, Heckman M, Haugarvoll K, Lohmann-Hedrich K, et al. α-Synuclein and Parkinson disease susceptibility. Neurology. 2007;69(18):1745–50. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000275524.15125.f4.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Goudarzian M, Khaligh A, Fourozan R, Jamal Mirmoosavi S, Darvish H, Safaralizadeh T, et al. The rs1572931 polymorphism of the RAB7L1 gene promoter is associated with reduced risk of Parkinson's disease. Neurol Res. 2015;37(11):1029–31. https://doi.org/10.1179/1743132815Y.0000000085.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Klein C, Westenberger A. Genetics of Parkinson’s disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2012;2(1):a008888. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a008888.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Deng H, Wang P, Jankovic J. The genetics of Parkinson disease. Ageing Res Rev. 2018;42:72–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2017.12.007.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wabakken T, Rian E, Kveine M, Aasheim H-C. The human solute carrier SLC41A1 belongs to a novel eukaryotic subfamily with homology to prokaryotic MgtE Mg2+ transporters. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003;306(3):718–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(03)01030-1.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang L, Cheng L, Li NN, Yu WJ, Sun XY, Peng R. Genetic analysis of SLC41A1 in Chinese Parkinson's disease patients. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2015;168(8):706–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.32365.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Satake W, Nakabayashi Y, Mizuta I, Hirota Y, Ito C, Kubo M, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies common variants at four loci as genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease. Nat Genet. 2009;41(12):1303–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.485.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Simon-Sanchez J, Schulte C, Bras JM, Sharma M, Gibbs JR, Berg D, et al. Genome-wide association study reveals genetic risk underlying Parkinson's disease. Nat Genet. 2009;41(12):1308–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.487.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kolisek M, Launay P, Beck A, Sponder G, Serafini N, Brenkus M, et al. SLC41A1 is a novel mammalian Mg2+ carrier. J Biol Chem. 2008;283(23):16235–47. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M707276200.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Mandt T, Song Y, Scharenberg AM, Sahni J. SLC41A1 Mg2+ transport is regulated via Mg2+-dependent endosomal recycling through its N-terminal cytoplasmic domain. Biochem J. 2011;439(1):129–39. https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20110807.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kolisek M, Nestler A, Vormann J, Schweigel-Röntgen M. Human gene SLC41A1 encodes for the Na+/Mg2+ exchanger. Am J Phys Cell Phys. 2012;302(1):C318–C26. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00289.2011.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Cosgrove J, Alty JE. Cognitive deficits in Parkinson’s disease: current perspectives. J Parkinsonism Rest Legs Syndr. 2018;8:1–11. https://doi.org/10.2147/JPRLS.S125064.
Article
Google Scholar
Macleod AD, Taylor KS, Counsell CE. Mortality in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mov Disord. 2014;29(13):1615–22. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.25898.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yang Y, Tang B-S, Guo J-F. Parkinson’s disease and cognitive impairment. Parkinson’s Disease. 2016;2016.
Hughes AJ, Daniel SE, Kilford L, Lees AJ. Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a clinico-pathological study of 100 cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1992;55(3):181–4. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.55.3.181.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Goetz CG, Tilley BC, Shaftman SR, Stebbins GT, Fahn S, Martinez-Martin P, et al. Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS): scale presentation and clinimetric testing results. Mov Disord. 2008;23(15):2129–70. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.22340.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Martínez-Martín P, Rodríguez-Blázquez C, Mario A, Arakaki T, Arillo VC, Chaná P, et al. Parkinson's disease severity levels and MDS-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2015;21(1):50–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.10.026.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Folstein SA, Paul R. The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, Westchester Division, White Plains, New York 10605, U.S.A. and Department of Psychiatry, University of Oregon Medical School, Portland, Oregon 97201, U.S.A. 1975.
Melika. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—revised manual. In: Arabic examiner's handbook. Cairo: Dar Egyptian Books House; 1996.
Google Scholar
Kaufman AS. Test Review: Wechsler, D. Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Revised. New York: Psychological Corporation, 1981. J Psychoeduc Assess. 1983;1(3):309–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/073428298300100310.
Article
Google Scholar
Tucci A, Nalls MA, Houlden H, Revesz T, Singleton AB, Wood NW, et al. Genetic variability at the PARK16 locus. Eur J Hum Genet. 2010;18(12):1356–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2010.125.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Yan Y, Tian J, Mo X, Zhao G, Yin X, Pu J, et al. Genetic variants in the RAB7L1 and SLC41A1 genes of the PARK16 locus in Chinese Parkinson's disease patients. Int J Neurosci. 2011;121(11):632–6. https://doi.org/10.3109/00207454.2011.598983.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Madadi F, Khaniani MS, Shandiz EE, Ayromlou H, Najmi S, Emamalizadeh B, et al. Genetic Analysis of the ZNF512B, SLC41A1, and ALDH2 Polymorphisms in Parkinson's Disease in the Iranian Population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers. 2016;20(10):629–32. https://doi.org/10.1089/gtmb.2016.0133.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Peavy GM, Salmon DP, Bear I, Paulsen JS, CAHN DA, Hofstetter CR, et al. Detection of mild cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease patients with the WAIS–R NI. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2001;7(5):535–43. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617701755014.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Roheger M, Kalbe E, Liepelt-Scarfone I. Progression of Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease. J Parkinsons Dis. 2018;8(2):183–93. https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-181306.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Azuma T, Cruz RF, Bayles KA, Tomoeda CK, Montgomery EB Jr. A longitudinal study of neuropsychological change in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2003;18(11):1043–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.1015.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mamikonyan E, Moberg PJ, Siderowf A, Duda JE, Have TT, Hurtig HI, et al. Mild cognitive impairment is common in Parkinson's disease patients with normal Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2009;15(3):226–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2008.05.006.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Watson GS, Leverenz JB. Profile of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. Brain Pathol. 2010;20(3):640–5.
Article
Google Scholar
Khedr EM, El Fetoh NA, Khalifa H, Ahmed MA, El Beh KMA. Prevalence of non motor features in a cohort of Parkinson's disease patients. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2013;115(6):673–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2012.07.032.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wakamori T, Agari T, Yasuhara T, Kameda M, Kondo A, Shinko A, et al. Cognitive functions in Parkinson's disease: relation to disease severity and hallucination. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2014;20(4):415–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.01.002.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Riedel O, Klotsche J, Spottke A, Deuschl G, Förstl H, Henn F, et al. Cognitive impairment in 873 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. J Neurol. 2008;255(2):255–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-008-0720-2.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ashrafi F, Zali A, Pakdaman H, Johari K. Cognitive impairments in Parkinson's disease: Evidence from an Iranian population. Iran J Neurol. 2012;11(4):151–4.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Salari M, Chitsaz A, Etemadifar M, Najafi MR, Mirmosayyeb O, Bemanalizadeh M, et al. Evaluation of non-motor symptoms and their impact on quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease, Isfahan, Iran. Iran J Neurol. 2017;16(3):118–24.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
O'Sullivan SS, Williams DR, Gallagher DA, Massey LA, Silveira-Moriyama L, Lees AJ. Nonmotor symptoms as presenting complaints in Parkinson's disease: a clinicopathological study. Mov Disord. 2008;23(1):101–6. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.21813.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tibar H, El Bayad K, Bouhouche A, Ait Ben Haddou EH, Benomar A, Yahyaoui M, et al. Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and their impact on quality of life in a cohort of Moroccan patients. Front Neurol. 2018;9(170).
Carpi S, Carotenuto A, Colucci L, Ziello A, Manzo V, Amenta F, et al. Non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Curr Neurobiol. 2013;4.