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Table 2 The comparison in demographic and clinical data of the participants at baseline

From: Exploring the effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on quality of sleep in Parkinson’s disease

 

*Group (1) n = 20

Group (2) n = 20

P value

Age (years) Mean ± SD

61.6 ± 7.3

61.1 ± 6.3

0.8

Sex (male: female)

10 (50%):10 (50%)

12 (60%):8 (40%)

0.8

Duration of illness (years) Mean ± SD

3.6 ± 2.3

3.4 ± 2.2

0.8

PSQI Adequate sleep Poor sleep

6 (30%) 14 (70%)

9 (45%) 11 (55%)

0.7

ESS Excessive daytime sleep Normal

16 (80%) 4 (20%)

12 (60%) 8 (40%)

0.7

BDI-II+ Minimal Mild

14 (70%) 6 (30%)

16 (80%) 4 (20%)

0.9

UPDRS-III Mean ± SD

48.4 ± 25.3

41.6 ± 25.3

0.4

  1. PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory scale, ESS Epworth Sleepiness Scale
  2. *Group (1): PD patients who received real-rTMS, Group (2): PD patients who received sham
  3.  + Minimal BDI-II:0–13, Mild BDI-II:14–19