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Table 7 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses for drug-resistant epilepsy regarding different parameters

From: Prevalence and risk factors associated with drug-resistant epilepsy in adult epileptic patients

 

Univariate

#Multivariate

p

OR (95%CI)

p

OR (95%CI)

Female

0.570

1.166 (0.687–1.979)

  

Age (years)

0.007*

0.974 (0.955–0.993)

0.421

0.990 (0.966–1.014)

Age of onset (< 10 years)

 < 0.001*

4.022 (2.152–7.517)

0.058

2.097 (0.975–4.509)

Epilepsy duration

0.137

1.017 (0.995–1.039)

  

Focal seizure type

0.334

1.319 (0.752–2.311)

  

Initial frequency (daily/weekly)

0.003*

2.277 (1.316–3.941)

0.683

1.293 (.377–4.429)

Max-free period (< 2 years)

 < 0.001*

5.501 (2.355–12.851)

 < 0.001*

26.738 (7.374–96.951)

History of neonatal seizures

0.628

1.240 (0.519–2.962)

  

history of Febrile S

0.775

1.102 (0.566–2.147)

  

History of SE

0.002*

2.987 (1.511–5.905)

0.331

1.697 (0.584–4.928)

Duration till AED use Delayed

0.217

1.675 (0.739–3.800)

  

Bad response to 1st AED

 < 0.001*

2.676 (1.554–4.609)

0.035*

4.366 (1.111–17.155)

History of neurological insult

0.261

1.378 (0.787–2.413)

  

Etiology

    

Structural/metabolic

0.024*

1.848 (1.082–3.156)

0.075

0.340 (0.104–1.114)

Genetic

0.600

1.186 (.628–2.241)

  

Abnormal EEG

 < 0.001*

3.364 (1.913–5.916)

0.135

2.358 (0.767–7.252)

Abnormal imaging findings

0.669

0.882 (0.497–1.567)

  

Developmental delay

0.141

1.583 (.859–2.918)

  
  1. OR Odd’s ratio, CI Confidence interval, LL lower limit, UL upper limit
  2. #All variables with p < 0.05 were included in the multivariate
  3. *Statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05