Factors influencing hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation: a hospital based-study

Table 2 Comparison between patients with and without HT regarding demographic, vascular risk factors, clinical data and neuroimaging markers

Variables		Hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke with AF (234)		p-value
Variables		Without HT(181)	With HT (53)	p-value
Age^a		62.80 (± 9.20)	68.28 (± 9.72)	< 0.001^*
Gender^b (male)		92 (50.8%)	27 (50.9%)	0.98
Hypertension^b		96 (53.0%)	38 (71.7%)	0.02^*
Diabetes mellitus^b		66(36.5%)	29 (54.7%)	0.01^*
Smoking^b		38 (21.0%)	9 (17.0%)	0.52
Dyslipidemia^b		75 (41.1%)	17 (32.1%)	0.22
Previous stroke/TIA^b		25 (13.8%)	13 (24.5%)	0.06
Ischemic heart disease^b		54 (29.8%)	19 (35.8%)	0.41
Statin^b		47 (26.0%)	16 (30.2%)	0.54
Antiplatelets^b		49 (27.1%)	18 (34.0%)	0.32
Anticoagulants^b		52 (27.6%)	23 (47.2%)	0.04^*
Anticoagulant duration (years)^a		0.63 (± 1.31)	0.94 (± 1.39)	0.15
Total leukocyte count^a		11.12 (± 6.60)	9.89 (± 3.33)	0.19
Platelets count^a		244.22 (± 66.64)	226.23 (± 64.11)	0.08
ESR^a		29.58 (± 6.12)	29.17 (± 4.73)	0.61
CRP^a		11.51 (± 9.45)	12.62 (± 12.41)	0.48
Creatinine^a		0.76 (± 0.21)	0.72 (± 0.20)	0.29
GCS^a		12.87 (± 2.47)	13.49 (± 2.01)	0.09
NIHSS^c		12 (8–18)	18 (12–20)	< 0.001^*
Infarction size^b	Small	72 (39.8%)	11 (20.8%)	0.01^*
	Medium	57 (31.5%)	16 (30.2%)
	Large	52 (28.7%)	26 (49.1%)
CMB^b	0	121 (66.9%)	16 (35.6%)	< 0.001^*
	< 10	45 (24.9%)	11 (24.4%)
	≥ 10	15 (8.3%)	18 (40.0%)
Superficial siderosis^b		24 (13.3%)	14 (26.4%)	0.02^*
WMH^b		73 (40.3%)	24 (45.3%)	0.52
CNS atrophy^b		66 (36.5%)	24 (45.3%)	0.51

TIA transient ischemic attack, HDL high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, LDL low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP C-reactive protein, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale, NIHSS National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, CMB cerebral microbleed, WML white matter lesions
^aMean (± SD)
^bN (%)
^cMedian (IQR)
^*Significant at alpha level of significance ≤ 0.05