Role of personality, health beliefs and fear of COVID-19 in engagement of adaptive and maladaptive behaviors among Egyptians during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

Table 3 Multivariate analysis of factors associated with low hand hygiene practice behavior of the studied patients

Variable	B	S.E	Wald	Sig	OR	95% C.I
Age class	− 0.033	0.166	0.039	0.843 NS	0.968	0.699	1.339
Female sex	− 0.743	0.196	14.371	< 0.001**	0.476	0.324	0.698
Married	− 0.335	0.191	3.077	0.079 NS	0.715	0.492	1.040
Urban residence	0.154	0.186	0.684	0.408 NS	1.167	0.810	1.681
Working in medical field	− 0.411	0.160	6.638	0.010*	0.663	0.485	0.906
Before university education levels	− 0.242	0.540	0.202	0.653 NS	0.785	0.273	2.260
High fear	− 0.477	0.156	9.343	0.002*	0.621	0.457	0.843
Perceived Susceptibility	0.072	0.148	0.238	0.626 NS	1.075	0.804	1.438
Perceived severity	− 0.016	0.155	0.011	0.918 NS	0.984	0.726	1.334
Hand hygiene perceived benefits	− 0.044	0.170	0.066	0.797 NS	0.957	0.685	1.337
Social distance perceived benefits	− 0.582	0.170	11.684	0.001*	0.559	0.401	0.780
Perceived Barriers for hand hygiene	0.752	0.153	24.109	< 0.001**	2.121	1.571	2.864
Perceived Barriers for social distance	0.431	0.150	8.262	0.004*	1.539	1.147	2.064
High Self efficacy	− 0.646	0.148	19.046	< 0.001**	0.524	0.392	0.701
Extraversion	0.045	0.166	0.073	0.788 NS	1.046	0.756	1.446
Neuroticism	− 0.299	0.165	3.276	0.070 NS	0.742	0.537	1.025
Agreeableness	− 0.545	0.590	0.852	0.356 NS	0.580	0.182	1.844
Openness	− 0.132	0.239	0.306	0.580 NS	0.876	0.549	1.399
Conscientiousness	− 0.235	0.265	0.782	0.376 NS	0.791	0.470	1.330