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Table 3 Results of psychiatric questionnaires among the studied groups

From: Relationship between disability and psychiatric outcome in multiple sclerosis patients and its determinants

 

Total participants (N = 70)

Group A (N = 48)

Group B (N = 22)

p-value

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A)

 Normal

4 (5.7%)

2 (4.2%)

2 (9.1%)

0.001*

 Mild

25 (35.7%)

10 (20.8%)

15 (68.2%)

 Moderate

28 (40%)

23 (47.9%)

5(22.7%)

 Severe

13 (18.6%)

13 (27.1%)

0 (0%)

 Total score of (HAM-A) (mean ± SD)

31.76 ± 10.596

35.38 ± 9.531

23.86 ± 8.391

0.0001#

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS)

 Normal

3 (4.3%)

0 (0%)

3 (13.6%)

0.001*

 Mild

13 (18.6%)

5 (10.4%)

8 (36.4%)

 Moderate

11 (15.7%)

11 (22.9%)

0 (0%)

 Severe

43 (61.4%)

32(66.7%)

11(50%)

 Total score of (HDRS) (mean ± SD)

28.56 ± 7.125

28.83 ± 5.567

27.95 ± 9.844

0.635#

The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

 Good sleep quality

38 (54.3%)

27 (56.3%)

11 (50%)

0.797

 Poor sleep quality

32 (45.7%)

21 (43.8%)

11 (50%)

 Total score of (PSQI) (mean ± SD)

6.74 ± 4.699

6.94 ± 4.493

6.32 ± 5.204

0.612#

  1. Group A: full ambulatory (EDSS ≤ 4.5), Group B: impaired ambulatory (EDSS ≥ 5)
  2. #By Student’s t-test