Table 1 Patients and controls demographics and clinical characteristics

Age (years)

 Mean ± SD

56.26 ± 6.81

56.14 ± 7.0

t = 0.087

0.931

 Median (Min.–Max.)

56.0 (44.0–73.0)

55.0 (44.0–73.0)

Sex

n (%)

n (%)

 Male

18 (36.0%)

22 (44.0%)

χ² = 0.667

0.414

 Female

32 (64.0%)

28 (56.0%)

Risk factors

n (%)

n (%)

 Smoking

32 (64.0%)

11 (22.0%)

17.993*

< 0.001*

 Previous stroke

7 (14.0%)

0 (0.0%)

7.527

^FEp = 0.012*

 Previous ischemic heart disease

8 (16.0%)

2 (4.0%)

4.0*

0.046*

 Hypertension

32 (64.0%)

11 (22.0%)

17.993*

< 0.001*

 Diabetes mellitus

27 (54.0%)

8 (16.0%)

15.868*

< 0.001*

Lipid profile (mg/dl)

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

 Triglyceride

259.60 ± 67.09

108.70 ± 29.55

t = 14.555*

< 0.001*

 Total cholesterol

261.08 ± 42.17

193.64 ± 16.98

U = 26.50*

< 0.001*

 Low density lipoprotein

172.26 ± 14.20

132.40 ± 18.54

U = 71.0*

< 0.001*

 High density lipoprotein

38.34 ± 8.67

43.74 ± 5.15

t = 3.787*

< 0.001*

Serum uric acid

6.52 ± 1.79

3.67 ± 1.24

U = 278.0*

< 0.001*

C-reactive protein (mg/dl)

9.69 ± 2.62

3.75 ± 1.21

U = 79.0*

< 0.001*