Table 1 Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and outcome data among studied patients
Variables | |
|---|---|
Demographic data | Â |
Age mean SD (range of age years) | 37.15 ± 17.60 (10–75) |
Age group | Â |
 ≤ 40 years | 34 (54.8%) |
 40–60 years | 20 (32.3%) |
 ≥ 61 years | 8 (12.9%) |
Sex: male/female Number (%) | 33/29 (53.2/46.8%) |
Residency: urban/rural Number (%) | 24/38 (38.7/61.3%) |
Comorbidity | Â |
No | 48 (77.4%) |
DM | 2 (3.2%) |
HTN | 5 (8.1%) |
DM + HTN | 7 (11.3%) |
Duration of each event | Â |
Number of days between the antecedent event and onset of neurological manifestations Mean ± SD (range (days) | 7.95 ± 7.095 (0–28) |
Duration of antecedent event Mean ± SD (range 0–5 days) | 1.82 ± 1.52 |
Number of days between onset of symptoms and nadir Mean ± SD (range 1–7 days) | 3.32 ± 1.64 |
Number of days between onset of weakness and admission Mean ± SD (range) | 6.69 ± 4.51 (1–18) |
Type of antecedent event number = 43 (69.4%) |  |
Presence | Â |
 Upper respiratory tract infection  Number (%) | 30 (48.4%) |
 Fever Number (%) | 38 (61.3%) |
 Gastrointestinal infection: diarrhea with or without vomiting  Number (%) | 13(21%) |
Absent antecedent event  Number (%) | 19 (30.6%) |
Days between onset and admission | Â |
 > 7 days | 23 (37.1%) |
4–7 days | 12 (19.54%) |
 < 3 days | 27 (43.5%) |
MRC at nadir | Â |
51–60 = 0 | 4 (6.5%) |
41–50 = 1 | 6 (9.7%) |
31–40 = 2 | 10 (16.1%) |
21–30 = 3 | 17 (27.4%) |
 < 20 = 4 | 25 (40.3%) |
Clinical variant | Â |
Sensory motor | 47 (75.8%) |
Pure motor | 12 (19.4%) |
Para paretic | 2 (3.2%) |
Miller Fisher | 1 (1.6%) |
Specific clinical presentation | |
Cranial nerves affection | Â |
 Presence | 40 (64.5%) |
 Absence | 22 (35.5%) |
Papilledema and visual affection (blurred vision) | Â |
 Present | 13 (21%) |
 Intact | 49 (79%) |
Neck muscle | Â |
 Affected | 28 (45.2%) |
 Not affected | 34 (54.8%) |
Sensory affection | Â |
 Hypoesthesia | 46 (74.2%) |
 Intact sensation | 16 (25.8%) |
Cough reflex and affection of respiratory muscle | Â |
 Impaired cough reflex | 32 (51.6%) |
 Preserved | 30 (48.4%) |
Erasmus Guillain–Barre Respiratory Insufficiency Score EGRIS risk |  |
 Low risk | 12 (19.4%) |
 Intermediate risk | 15 (24.2%) |
 High risk | 35 (56.5%) |
Mechanical ventilation | Â |
 Mechanical ventilated | 5 (8.1%) |
 Not ventilated | 57 (91.9%) |
Autonomic affection (dysautonomia) | Â |
 Presence | 19 (30.6%) |
 Absence | 43 (69.4%) |
Laboratory findings (normal range) | |
Total leukocyte count TLC (normal range 4000–10,000/L) |  |
 Within normal range | 23 (37.1%) |
 Leukocytosis | 39 (62.9%) |
Serum protein level (normal range 64-83Â g/l) | Â |
 Within normal protein level | 41 (66.1%) |
 Hypoproteinemia | 21 (33.9%) |
Serum albumin level (34-50Â g/l) | Â |
 Within normal range | 42 (67.7%) |
 Hypoalbuminemia | 20 (32.3%) |
C-reactive protein (CRP) | Â |
 Negative | 38 (61.3%) |
 Elevated | 24 (38.7%) |
Serum sodium NA level (136-145Â mmol/L) | Â |
 Within normal level | 43 (69.4%) |
 Hyponatremia | 19 (30.6%) |
PCO2 in PH and respiratory acidosis | Â |
 Normal | 55 (88.7%) |
 Respiratory acidosis and Co2 retention | 7 (11.3%) |
Cytoalbuminous dissociation in CSF (total 42 cases)* | Â |
 Negative | 18 (42.9%) |
 Positive | 24 (57.1%) |
Outcome according to HDS | Â |
Outcome according to HDS | Â |
 Healthy | 27 (41.5%) |
 Minor symptoms and capable of running | 10 (15.4%) |
 Able to walk 10 m without assistance but unable to run | 11 (16.9%) |
 Able to walk 10 m across open space with help | 4 (6.2%) |
 Bed ridden or wheel chair bound | 6 (9.2%) |
 Required assisted ventilation at least part of the day | 2 (3.1%) |
 Dead | 2 (3.1%) |
Outcome according to Overall Neuropathy Limitation Scale (ONLS) | 2.87 ± 3.59 |