Table 4 Linear regression analysis of factors independently associated with PHQ-9 score among nurses exposed to COVID-19
From: Prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms among nurses during COVID-19 pandemic
|  | β | t | P | CI (95%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | − 0.41 | 1.77 | 0.08 | − 66 to 1.23 |
Female gender | 0.39 | 1.68 | 0.09 | − 0.10 to 3.46 |
Divorced | 0.44 | 1.80 | 0.1 | − 0.54 to 3.32 |
Physical strain of protective equipment (dehydration, heat, exhaustion) | 0.88 | 1.90 | 0.2 | − 0.97 to 6.99 |
Physical isolation (restrictions on touching others, even after working hours) | 3.34 | 4.135 | 0.02* | 1.77 to 11.07 |
Constant awareness and vigilance regarding infection control procedures | 0.63 | 1.90 | 0.1 | − 0.31 to 4.98 |
Pressures regarding procedures that must be followed (lack of spontaneity) | 0.28 | 1.11 | 0.3 | − 0.11 to 2.90 |
Every time being exposed to a new COVID-19 patient | 5.56 | 8.65 | 0.009* | 2.87 to 14.67 |
Getting screened for COVID-19 infection after exposure | 0.12 | 1.01 | 0.4 | − 0.09 to 1.58 |
Developing COVID-19-like symptoms | 7.45 | 9.14 | 0.006* | 4.89 to 21.66 |
Colleagues displaying COVID-19-like symptoms | 6.14 | 6.55 | 0.007* | 3.77 to 19.55 |
The extended symptom-free incubation period of COVID-19 | 0.57 | 1.89 | 0.1 | − 0.22 to 3.44 |
A relatively higher mortality rate compared to influenza | 3.02 | 3.11 | 0.03* | 1.08 to 9.87 |
Possible separation from and concern about family members | 7.02 | 8.60 | 0.007* | 3.99 to 18.66 |
Fears about infection for patients, family and friends | 7.99 | 9.11 | 0.006* | 4.22 to 28.90 |
Not knowing when the COVID-19 outbreak will be under control | 0.98 | 1.99 | 0.1 | − 0.88 to 4.11 |
Lack of treatment for COVID-19 | 0.56 | 1.11 | 0.2 | − 0.41 to 3.77 |
News of new cases of COVID-19 reported in TV/newspaper | 0.16 | 1.09 | 0.3 | − 0.13 to 2.98 |
Shortage of staff or adequate protective measures at times | 0.66 | 1.17 | 0.2 | − 0.16 to 4.65 |
Inner conflict between duty and own safety | 0.44 | 1.10 | 0.3 | − 0.14 to 3.99 |
Others’ fear of contact with those treating patients with COVID-19 | 0.89 | 1.95 | 0.2 | − 0.33 to 5.11 |
Developing self-stigma about voicing needs and fears | 0.34 | 1.66 | 0.3 | − 0.22 to 3.08 |