Neuropsychological performance in patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy and different factors that affect their performance

Table 5 Comparison of neuropsychological performance according to different factors

		Seizure state of awareness	History of bilateral TC	History of status epilepticus	Depression	Brain imaging	Interictal EEG	Anatomical location of brain lesion
		P1	P2	P3	P4	P5	P6	P7
FSIQ score		0.9	0.86	0.02*	0.58	0.64	0.18	0.3
Digit span	Forward	0.4	0.76	0.4	0.58	0.9	0.07	0.38
Digit span	Backward	0.98	0.04	0.05	0.79	0.37	0.59	0.25
Verbal memory Verbal PAT total		0.4	0.59	0.19	0.58	0.63	0.06	0.79
Visual memory: BLT¹	Learning trials	0.99	0.24	0.12	0.47	0.27	0.54	0.49
	Short delayed recall	0.5	0.38	0.03*	0.5	0.38	0.06	0.33
	Long delayed recall	0.8	0.55	0.03*	0.97	0.44	0.3	0.74
Visual memory: BVRT		0.5	0.4	0.38	0.39	0.16	0.15	0.52
Executive function/verbal fluency COWAT	Phonemic	0.7	0.8	0.17	0.69	0.79	0.55	0.15
Executive function/verbal fluency COWAT	Categorical	0.4	0.6	0.39	0.86	0.11	0.18	0.02*
Executive function	TMT-A²	0.4	0.96	0.18	0.28	0.17	0.27	0.42
Executive function	TMT-B²	0.6	0.32	0.74	0.9	0.26	0.004*	0.61

FSIQ: Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient, PAT: Paired Associate Test, BLT: Brown Location Test, BVRT: Benton Visual Retention Test, COWAT: Controlled Oral Word Association Test, TMT: Trail Making Test
P1: P value of comparison between patients with focal aware versus those with focal with impaired awareness seizures
P2: P value of comparison between patients with history of focal to bilateral TC versus those with no history of bilateral TC
P3: P value of comparison between patients with history of status epilepticus versus those with no history of status epilepticus
P4: P value of comparison between patients had depression versus those had no depression
P5: P value of comparison between patients with lesional versus non-lesional brain imaging
P6: P value of comparison between patients with abnormal versus normal interictal EEG
P7: P value of comparison between patients classified according to the different anatomical location of brain lesion (right temporal, left temporal, right frontal, left frontal, parieto-occipital).
¹Scoring by Z-score calculated according to age group
²Included only patients who performed the test within cut-off time normally and those did it correctly but exceeded the cut-off time