Table 2 Comparison of the baseline characteristics between subjects with and without dysphagia based on FEES
From: Evaluation of dysphagia in different phenotypes of early and idiopathic Parkinsonism
Normal swallowing N = 32 | Dysphagia N = 22 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (mean ± SD) | 63.50 ± 5.9 | 60.55 ± 4.8 | 0.058 |
Sex | 0.753 | ||
Male | 22 (57.9%) | 16 (42.1%) | |
Female | 10 (62.5%) | 6 (37.5%) | |
Disease duration (mean ± SD) | 4.38 ± 2.1 | 5.36 ± 2.1 | 0.106 |
Disease severity | |||
Parkinsonism phenotype | 0.022 | ||
Tremor dominant | 30 (65.2%) | 16 (34.8%) | |
Postural instability and gait instability | 2 (25.0%) | 6 (75.0%) | |
SDQ | < 0.001 | ||
Normal | 28 (87.5%) | 7 (31.8%) | |
Dysphagia | 4 (12.5%) | 15 (68.2%) | |
Salivation | 0.5 | ||
Normal salivation | 9 (28.1% | 8 (36.4%) | |
Sialorrhea | 23 (71.9%) | 14 (63.6%) | |
MMSE (mean ± SD) | 27.56 ± 2.0 | 25.8 ± 1.0 | 0.001 |
UPDRS | |||
UPDRS part II score (mean ± SD) (68 = severe) | 11.25 ± 3.0 | 21.91 ± 10.9 | 0.000 |
UPDRS part III score (mean ± SD) (108 = severe) | 35.81 ± 6.2 | 40.00 ± 24.5 | 0.359 |
UPDRS total (mean ± SD) | 55.19 ± 10.4 | 78.09 ± 33.8 | 0.001 |
Modified Hoehn and Yahr scale (mean ± SD) | 1.813 ± .5 | 2.727 ± .4 | 0.000 |