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Table 3 Distribution of depression, anxiety, and cognitive function among cirrhotic and control groups

From: Impact of direct-acting antivirals on neuropsychiatric and neurocognitive dysfunction in chronic hepatitis C patients

Variables

Pre-treated (n = 20)

Post-treated (n = 20)

Controls (n = 10)

Pre-treated versus controls

Pre-treated versus post-treated

Post-treated versus controls

T value

P value

T value

P value

T value

P value

HDS

7.4 ± 2.1

3.9 ± 1.6

1.2 ± 0.4

10.781

 < 0.001

7.000

 < 0.001

4.976

0.001

HAS

6.5 ± 1.2

2.3 ± 0.5

1 ± 0.3

11.524

 < 0.001

7.584

 < 0.001

2.327

0.034

Long-term memory

5.8 ± 2

6.3 ± 2

9 ± 1.7

3.868

0.001

3.000

0.015

3.250

0.004

Short-term memory

2.8 ± 1.8

4.4 ± 2.1

7 ± 1.7

5.203

 < 0.001

7.363

 < 0.001

3.030

0.007

Attention

5.4 ± 1.6

6.5 ± 0.8

7.3 ± 1.5

2.702

0.015

1.877

0.093

1.472

0.158

Concentration

2.7 ± 0.9

3.3 ± 0.9

4.6 ± 1.8

2.905

0.012

2.714

0.024

1.988

0.068

Orientation

10.4 ± 4.8

10.3 ± 4.8

16 ± 3.2

3.075

0.007

0.429

0.678

3.121

0.006

Language

6.9 ± 1.5

6.9 ± 1.3

9.1 ± 1.4

3.443

0.003

-

-

3.665

0.002

Visual construction/ drawing

5 ± 3.6

4.9 ± 1

7.8 ± 3.5

1.753

0.097

0.246

0.811

1.963

0.052

List generation fluency

7.3 ± 1.8

6.3 ± 0.7

7.5 ± 1.8

0.267

0.793

2.023

0.074

1.994

0.062

Abstract thinking and judgment

4.1 ± 1.3

4.4 ± 1.1

9.3 ± 1.9

7.196

 < 0.001

1.406

0.193

7.131

0.001

Total CASI

52.4 ± 14.3

54.9 ± 13.9

77.6 ± 13.8

4.013

0.001

3.237

0.01

3.668

0.002

  1. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or n (%). T-value for Student’s t-test. P-value < 0.05 is significant
  2. CASI: Cognitive Abilities Screening Instruments, HAS: Hamilton Anxiety Score, HDS: Hamilton Depression Score