Table 3 Descriptive analysis of the PHQ-9 scale (n = 487)
Depressive symptoms | Mean ± SD |
|---|---|
1. Little interest or pleasure in doing things | 1.34 ± 0.95 |
2. Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless | 1.56 ± 1.00 |
3. Trouble falling or staying asleep, or sleeping too much | 1.69 ± 1.1 |
4. Feeling tired or having little energy | 1.79 ± 0.95 |
5. Poor appetite or overeating | 1.54 ± 1.06 |
6. Feeling bad about yourself or that you are a failure or have let yourself or your family down | 1.29 ± 1.16 |
7. Trouble concentrating on things, such as reading the newspaper or watching television | 1.15 ± 1.11 |
8. Moving or speaking so slowly that other people could have noticed. Or the opposite being so fidgety or restless that you have been moving around a lot more than usual | 0.98 ± 1.08 |
9. Thoughts that you would be better off dead, or of hurting yourself | 0.73 ± 1.07 |