Table 4 Factors associated with depression in people with epilepsy (bivariate and multivariate analysis) for the study of the prevalence of depression and associated factors among epileptic patients in ACSH & MGH, 2019
Variables | Depression | Bivariate | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | p value | COR (95%, CI) | AOR (95%, CI) | |
Age | |||||
12–17 years | 23 | 11 | 1 | ||
18–24 years | 52 | 25 | 0.588 | 1.298 (0.505, 3.338) | 1.392 (0.279, 6.953) |
24–34 years | 37 | 33 | 0.502 | 1.305 (0.600, 2.837) | 1.136 (0.301, 4.285) |
35–44 years | 43 | 20 | 0.025* | 2.421 (1.119, 5.238) | 2.261 (0.700, 7.305) |
> 45 years | 38 | 14 | 0.573 | 1.262 (0.561, 2.839) | 1.517 (0.523, 4.400) |
Sex | |||||
Male | 102 | 61 | 1 | ||
Female | 91 | 42 | 0.294* | 1.296 (0.799, 2.103) | 1.022 (0.581, 1.795) |
Educational status | |||||
Unable to read and write | 58 | 38 | 0.300 | 0.723 (0.391, 1.336) | 0.400 (0.162, 0.986)** |
Primary 1–8 | 57 | 27 | 0.809 | 0.916(0.449, 1.869) | 0.692 (0.255, 1.877) |
Secondary 9–12 | 30 | 18 | 0.566 | 1.526 (0.360, 6.474) | 3.189 (0.615, 16.543) |
Techniques | 4 | 4 | 0.714 | 0.763 (0.180, 3.237) | 0.335 (0.053, 2.106) |
Diploma | 6 | 3 | 0.090* | 0.522 (0.246, 1.106) | 0.348 (0.115, 1.055) |
First degree and above | 38 | 13 | 1 | 1 | |
Employment | |||||
No | 25 | 16 | 0.655 | 0.833 (0.375, 1.854) | 1.273 (0.472, 3.432) |
Student | 45 | 24 | 0.492 | 0.710 (0.268, 1.885) | 1.695 (0.503, 5.715) |
Farmer | 22 | 10 | 0.705 | 1.172 (0.516, 2.663) | 1.628 (0.584, 4.540) |
House wife | 32 | 24 | 0.744 | 1.215 (0.377, 3.916) | 1.470 (0.361, 5.986) |
Governmental | 9 | 7 | 0.104* | 0.421 (0.148, 1.195) | 2.405 (0.107, 1.532) |
Private | 26 | 7 | 0.903 | 0.937 (0.332, 2.646) | 1.971 (0.527, 7.372) |
Others/day labor | 15 | 9 | 0.213* | 0.493 (0.162, 1.500) | 0.592 (0.154, 2.279) |
Merchant | 19 | 6 | 1 | ||
Monthly income | |||||
No | 95 | 44 | 0.836 | 1.103 (0.435, 2.797) | 0.708 (0.206, 2.432) |
< 300 | 15 | 8 | 0.183* | 1.880 (0.743, 4.760) | 2.655 (0.802, 8.787) |
301–600 | 11 | 10 | 0.213* | 1.750 (0.726, 4.219) | 1.395 (0.436, 4.461) |
601–1000 | 13 | 11 | 0.958 | 0.985 (0.560, 1.732) | 1.265 (0.561, 2.853) |
> 1001 | 63 | 30 | 1 | ||
Social support | |||||
Low | 44 | 28 | 0.587 | 0.853 (0.481, 1.513) | 1.143 (0.540, 2.420) |
Moderate | 105 | 57 | 0.232* | 0.643 (0.311, 1.327) | 0.819 (0.316, 2.123) |
High | 44 | 18 | 1 | ||
Age of onset | |||||
< 6 years | 20 | 12 | 1 | 1 | |
6–11 years | 44 | 32 | 0.657 | 1.212 (0.519, 2.831) | 1.128 (0.326, 3.899) |
12–17 years | 50 | 18 | 0.264* | 0.600 (0.245, 1.470) | 1.602 (0.596, 4.306) |
18 & above years | 79 | 41 | 0.725 | 0.865 (0.385, 1.942) | 0.854 (0.324, 2.248) |
Treatment duration | |||||
0–11 months | 18 | 13 | 0.132* | 1 | 1 |
less than 2 years | 29 | 11 | 1.926 (0.820, 4.523) | 2.850 (0.927, 8.761) | |
2–5 years | 54 | 31 | 0.979 | 1.011 (0.438, 2.338) | 1.975 (0.653, 5.972) |
6–10 years | 28 | 24 | 0.195* | 1.531 (0.804, 2.916) | 1.820 (0.764, 4.337) |
11 or more years | 64 | 24 | 0.024* | 2.286 (1.113, 4.692) | 3.715 (1.498, 9.212)** |
Adherence with medication | |||||
No | 20 | 33 | 0.000* | 0.245 (0.132, 0.456) | 0.216 (0.101, 0.460)** |
Yes | 173 | 70 | 1 | 1 | |
Feeling perceived stigma | |||||
No | 146 | 47 | 1 | ||
Yes | 47 | 56 | 0.000* | 0.270 (0.163, 0.449) | 0.244 (0.129, 0.462)** |
Stress | |||||
No | 157 | 70 | 1 | ||
Yes | 36 | 33 | 0.010* | 0.486 (0.281, 0.843) | 0.452 (0.220, 0.928)** |
Sexual abuse | |||||
No | 192 | 101 | 1 | ||
Yes | 1 | 2 | 0.278* | 0.263 (0.024, 2.936) | |
Heritability belief | |||||
No | 161 | 74 | 1 | ||
Yes | 32 | 29 | 0.020* | 0.507 (0.286, 0.899) | |
The belief of mental illness | |||||
No | 81 | 34 | 1 | ||
Yes | 112 | 69 | 0.133* | 0.681 (0.413, 1.124) | |