Outcomes of pregnancy in Egyptian women with multiple sclerosis in the new treatment era: a multi-center retrospective observational study

Table 5 Regression analysis of factors associated with increase the risk of MS relapse

	Hazard ratio (95% CI)^a	p Value*
No breastfeeding	1.0 (ref)
Exclusive breastfeeding^b	0.31 (0.12–0.67)	0.002
Nonexclusive breastfeeding^b	0.59 (0.31–1.16)	0.126
Pre-pregnancy relapses^c	2.21 (1.23–3.69)	0.005
Use of DMT before pregnancy by 1 year	1.46 (0.90–2.38)	0.130
Pregnancy relapse	3.09 (1.68–5.67)	< 0.001
Use of postpartum DMT^d	1.41 (0.71–2.58)	0.340
Age, (years)	0.92 (0.89–0.99)	0.016
Disease duration, (years)	1.12 (0.96–1.23)	0.437
Disability^e	2.08 (1.72–3.41)	0.002

CI confidence interval; DMT disease-modifying therapy; MS multiple sclerosis
^aCox proportional hazards model/ ^*Level of significance is set when the P-value < 0.05
^bReference group no breastfeeding
^cReference group 0–1 relapse in 2 years before pregnancy
^dTime-dependent covariate
^eReference group no MS-related disability at pregnancy onset