Table 2 Characteristics of included systematic reviews regarding stroke in COVID-19 infection
From: Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 infection: an umbrella review
Authors | Origin | Type | Quality | Number of included studies | Types of included studies | Assessing the quality of included studies | Searched databases | Main results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Valencia-Enciso et al. 2020 [42] | Colombia | Systematic review | Moderate | 47 | Cohort, case series, case report, case–control | NOS | Pubmed, Scopus | A positive correlation seemed to exist between COVID-19 severity and temporality of stroke |
2. Fraiman et al. 2020 [43] | South Korea | Systematic review | Critically Low | 80 | Not mentioned | None | Pubmed | Cerebrovascular events, especially ischemic stroke, were a common neurological manifestation in COVID-19 patients |
3. Lee et al. 2020 [32] | Malaysia | Systematic review + meta-analysis | Moderate | 28 | Cohort, case series, case report | STROBE2 | Pubmed, Medline, Cinhal | Stroke is an uncommon symptom in COVID-19 patients, but can be prognostic factor and an indicator of the severity of the infection |
4. Bhatia et al. 2020 [44] | India | Systematic review | Moderate | 30 | Cohort, case series, case report | Oxford CEBM3 critical appraisal tool | Pubmed, Embase, Scopus | COVID-19 is associated with higher mortality rates in stroke patients |
5. Wijeratne et al. 2020 [40] | Australia | Systematic review | Low | 18 | Cohort, case series, case report, case–control, reviews | None | Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Medline, Cinhal, Ovid | Neutrophil–Lymphocyte ratio at time admission is associated with the duration before onset of clinical features of AIS3 |
6. Fridman et al. 2020 [33] | Canada | Systematic review + meta-analysis | Low | 10 | Not mentioned | None | Pubmed, medRxiv, bioRxiv, Research Square search engines | The mortality of Stroke in COVID-19 patients is associated with age, comorbidities and the severity of the infection |
7. Yamakawa et al. 2020 [35] | USA | Systematic review + meta-analysis | Moderate | 26 | Cohort, case series, case report, case–control | Assessment of risk of bias in prevalence studies | Pubmed, Embase, | The frequency of detected stroke in hospitalized patients was associated with age and other stroke risk factors |
8. Katsanos et al. [34] | Greece | Systematic review + meta-analysis | High | 18 | Cohort | NOS | Pubmed, Scopus | COVID-19 infection is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke, especially cryptogenic stroke; in addition to an increased risk of mortality |
9. Tan et al. 2020 [37] | Singapore | Systematic review + meta-analysis | Moderate | 39 | Cohort, case series, case report | NOS, JBI5 tool | Pubmed, Embase | AIS is associated with COVID-19 infection with a high mortality rate |
10. Nannoni et al. 2020 [36] | UK | Systematic review + meta-analysis | Moderate | 61 | Cohort, case series, case report, case–control, letters | NOS | Pubmed, Scopus, MedRxiv | Acute cerebrovascular events are associated with the severity of the disease and pre-existing vascular risk factors in COVID-19 patients |
11. Fatima et al. 2020 [41] | USA | Systematic review | Moderate | 6 | Cohort, case series, case report | GRADE6, Cochrane Collaboration’s tool | Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Medline | Stroke is associated with COVID-19 infection in patients with underlying risk factors including hypertension |
12. Siepmann et al. 2021 [38] | Germany | Cohort + Systematic review | Critically Low | 2 | Cohort, experimental | Oxford CEBM tool | Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library | The severity of COVID-19 infection is associated with an increased risk of acute stroke |
13. Szegedi et al. 2020 [39] | Germany | Narrative review + Systematic review | Critically Low | 25 | Cohort, case series, case report | None | Pubmed, Scopus | In COVID-19 patients the most common type of stroke was AIS |