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Table 3 Ultrasonography assessment and MRI results of all studied groups

From: Signs of neuroinflammation outweigh neurodegeneration as predictors for early conversion to MS

 

Group 1

Group 2

 

CIS group

 

CIS

N=22

1st attack MS

N=20

p-value

MS convertors

N=9

MS non-convertors

N=13

p-value

Brain imaging

      

 T2 MRI brain lesions

Typical

11 (50%)

20 (100%)

*0.003

7 (77.8%)

4 (30.8%)

0.08

Atypical

11 (50%)

0 (0%)

2 (22.2%)

9 (69.2%)

 T1 black holes

≥1

5 (22.7%)

15 (75%)

*0.004

3 (33.3%)

2 (15.4%)

0.502

 Total number of lesions

(mean ±SD)

4.86±4.20

9.65±3.79

*0.001

6.22±4.89

3.92±3.55

0.357

Patients with MRI enhancing lesions

5 (22.7%)

15 (75%)

*0.001

3 (33.3%)

2 (15.4%)

0.841

 Substantia nigra echogenicity

Normal

11 (55%)

15 (75%)

0.2

2 (25%)

9 (75%)

0.06

Hypoechogenic

9 (45%)

5 (25%)

6 (75%)

3 (25%)

 Ventricular diameter

3rd ventricle

Normal (%)

14 (66.7%)

17 (85%)

0.277

5 (62.5%)

9 (69.2%)

1

Dilated (%)

7 (33.3%)

3 (15%)

3 (37.5%)

4 (30.8%)

Frontal horn

Median (cm)

0.19

0.22

0.916

0.19

0.19

0.600

Dilated (%)

5 (25%)

2 (10.5%)

0.661

3 (37.5%)

2 (16.7%)

0.255