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Table 2 Frequency and characteristics of migraine among the students under study

From: Migraine prevalence, clinical characteristics, and health care-seeking practice in a sample of medical students in Egypt

Variable

Number

Percent

Migraine

 Yes

113

17.9

 No

518

82.1

Migraine type (n 113)

 Chronic

13

11.5

 Episodic

100

88.5

Frequency (n 113)

 5–9 episodes/3 months

47

41.5

 10–19 episodes/3 months

31

27.4

 > 19 episodes/3 months

35

31.1

Severity (n 113)

 Mild

5

4.4

 Moderate

87

76.0

 Severe

21

18.6

Site ( n 113)

 Unilateral

50

44.2

 Bilateral

24

21.2

 Generalized

16

14.2

 Periorbital

11

9.7

 Occipital

5

4.4

 Frontal

7

6.2

Quality of headache (n 113)

 Throbbing

87

77.0

 Compressing

17

15.0

 Stabbing

9

8.0

Increase with daily activities (n 113)

 Yes

85

75.2

 No

28

24.8

Presence of aura (n 113)

 Yes

46

40.8

 No

67

59.2

Aura type (n 46)

 Visual

31

67.4

 Sensory

11

23.9

 Motor

4

8.6

Migraine triggersa (n 113)

 Psychological stress

98

86.7

 Irregular sleep

105

92.9

 Smoking

9

8.0

 Menstruation

31

27.4

 Contraceptive pills

4

3.5

 Fasting

87

77.0

 Coffee, chocolate, aged cheese

24

21.2

 Drugs

8

7.1

 Sun exposure, bright light, and high sounds

99

87.6

 During studying and exams

103

91.2

Associated symptomsa (n 113)

 Mood changes

102

90.3

 Flashes of light and scotoma

56

49.6

 Unilateral numbness

19

16.8

 Hemiparesis

5

4.4

 Nausea

60

53.1

 Vomiting

17

15.0

 Phonophobia

97

85.8

 Photophobia

97

85.8

 Lacrimation

28

24.8

 Nasal congestion

17

15.0

 Eyelid edema

15

13.3

 Facial sweating

13

11.5

Relieving factorsa (n 113)

 Rest

89

78.8

 Analgesics

87

77.0

 Sitting in a dark place

81

71.7

 Sleeping

80

71.0

Disability (n 113)

 No or minimal

22

19.5

 Mild

24

21.2

 Moderate

42

37.2

 Severe

25

22.1

  1. aMore than one answer allowed
  2. n numbers
  3. m.:month