Table 1 Demographic features and socioeconomic scale of the included participants.
Item | Total (n = 524) (n, %) | Non-HCWs (n = 402) (n, %) | HCWs (n = 122) (n, %) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex: | ||||
Males | 223 (42.6) | 173 (43) | 50 (41) | 0.688 |
Females: | 301 (57.4) | 229 (57) | 72 (59) | |
Age: | ||||
Less than 20 years | 6 (1.14) | 6 (1.5) | 0 (0) | P < 0.000* |
20–30 years | 200 (38.2) | 177 (44) | 23 (18.9) | |
31–40 years | 278 (53.05) | 186 (46.3) | 92 (75.4) | |
Older than 40 years | 40 (7.6) | 33 (8.2) | 7 (5.7) | |
Distribution in Egypt: | ||||
Upper Egypt | 440 (84) | 71 (17.7) | 13 (10.7) | 0.065 |
Lower Egypt | 84 (16) | 331 (82.3) | 109 (89.3) | |
Residence: | ||||
Rural | 88 (16.8) | 74 (18.4) | 14 (11.5) | 0.073 |
Urban | 436 (83.2) | 328 (81.6) | 108 (88.5) | |
Marital status: | ||||
Single | 196 (37.4) | 171 (42.5) | 25 (20.5) | P < 0.000* |
Married | 308 (58.8) | 216 (53.7) | 92 (75.4) | |
Divorced | 10 (1.9) | 6 (1.5) | 4 (3.3) | |
Widow | 10 (1.9) | 9 (2.2) | 1 (0.8) | |
Educational level: | ||||
Secondary school | 32 (6.1) | 32 (8) | 0 (0) | P < 0.000* |
University graduate | 220 (42) | 197 (49) | 23 (18.9) | |
University (Master) | 174 (33.2) | 124 (30.8) | 50 (41) | |
University (Doctorate) | 98 (18.7) | 49 (12.2) | 49 (20.2) | |
Employment: | ||||
Employed | 425(81.1) | 303(75.4) | 122(100) | P < 0.000* |
Unemployed | 72 (13.7) | 72 (17.9) | 0 | |
Retired | 2 (0.4) | 25 (6.2) | 0 | |
Students | 25 (4.8) | 2 (0.5) | 0 | |
Number of children | ||||
No children | 230 (43.9%) | 201 (50%) | 29 (23.8%) | P < 0.000* |
Only one | 72 (13.7) | 57 (14.2) | 15 (12.3) | |
Two children | 126 (24) | 84 (20.9) | 42 (34.4) | |
> 2 children | 96 (18.4) | 60 (14.9) | 36 (29.5) | |
Smoking: | ||||
Smokers | 20 (3.8) | 20 (5) | 0 (0) | 0.011* |
Non-smokers | 496 (94.7) | 374 (93) | 122 (100) | |
Ex-smoker | 8 (1.5) | 8 (2) | 0 | |
History of chronic medical illness: | 96 (18.3) | 69 (17.2) | 27 (22.1) | 0.214 |
Socioeconomic class: | ||||
Low class | 99 (18.9) | 91 (22.6) | 8 (6.6) | P < 0.000* |
Middle class | 349 (66.6) | 270 (67.2) | 79 (64.8) | |
High class | 76 (14.5) | 41 (10.2) | 35 (28.7) | |