Table 2 Resume of CNZ/FNZ-associated movement disorders
From: Cinnarizine- and flunarizine-associated movement disorder: a literature review
Movement disorder | PKN | DKN | AKT | DTN | MCL | Others | General data | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases (%) | 1251 (65.15) | 23 (1.19) | 11 (0.57) | 16 (0.83) | 5 (0.26) | 614 (31.97) | 1920 | |
Continent (%) | Asian | 332 (26.53) | 0 (0) | 1 (9.09) | 2 (12.5) | 1 (20) | 498 (81.10) | 834 |
European | 575 (45.96) | 4 (17.39) | 4 (36.36) | 5 (31.25) | 0 (0) | 75 (12.21) | 663 | |
North America | 1 (0.07) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (80) | 3 (0.48) | 8 | |
South America | 343 (27.41) | 19 (82.60) | 6 (54.54) | 9 (56.25) | 0 (0) | 38 (6.18) | 415 | |
Sex (%) | Female | 429 (34.29) | 19 (82.60) | 5 (45.45) | 10 (62.5) | 3 (60) | NA | 466 |
Male | 161 (12.86) | 4 (17.40) | 2 (18.18) | 6 (37.5) | 2 (40) | 175 | ||
Unknown | 661 (52.83) | 0 (0) | 4 (36.36) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1294 | ||
Age (years) | Range | 25–93 | 59–84 | 49–74 | 10.5–70 | 2.5–70 | 2.5–93 (Md, 71.1) | |
Mean | 75.63 | 67.87 | 64.71 | 53.59 | 53.1 | 74.49 (SD, 7.88) | ||
Number of reports with the drug (mean dose in mg) | CNZ | 347 (150.12) | 3 (175) | 1 (75) | 2 (32.5) | 3 (NA) | 356 (Mn, 148.19; SD, 42.51; Md, 154.4; Rg, 25–225) | |
FNZ | 570 (11.19) | 10 (10.16) | 6 (20) | 3 (8.33) | 1 (NA) | 590 (Mn, 11.22; SD, 5.39; Md, 10; Rg, 5–60) | ||
FNZ +CNZ | 18 (12.08 + 133.06) | 1 (10 + 25) | 0 | 3 (13.73 + 124.03) | 1 (NA) | 23 (Mn, 12.19 + 126.91; SD, 2.91 + 39.80; Rg, 8.75–20 + 25–154.4) | ||
Unknown CNZ/FNZ | 316 | 9 | 14 | 8 | 0 | 951 | ||
MD onset | Range | 2 days–5 years | 3 months–5 years | 1 day–5 years | 1 day–6 years | 1 week–20 years | 1 day–20 years (Md, 1.25) | |
Mean (years) | 1.74 | 2.21 | 2.54 | 2.46 | 7.75 | Mn, 1.83 (SD, 1.35) | ||
MD recovery | Range | 7 days–10 months | 2 weeks–5 months | 1 day–8 months | 1.5 days–1 year | 3 days–5 years | 1 day–5 years (Md, 3 months) | |
Mean (months) | 3.61 | 2.45 | 3.29 | 4.41 | 20.36 | 3.71 (SD, 1.26) | ||
Follow-up, % CR (number of reports) | 94.85% (406/428) | 66.66% (10/15) | 100% (7/7) | 91.66% (11/12) | 75% (3/4) | 93.77% (437/466) | ||