Early hematoma expansion in primary intracerebral hemorrhage: incidence and predictors

Table 1 Comparison between patients developed hematoma expansion (group I) and those did not (group II) regarding clinical and radiological data

		Group I (n = 28)	Group II (n = 44)	p value
Age		59.35 ± 10.51	54.58 ± 8.19	0.044*
Sex	Male	13/28 (46.4%)	20/44 (45.5%)	0.953
Sex	Female	15/28 (53.6%)	24/44 (54.5%)	0.953
Diabetes		8/28 (28.6%)	14/44 (31.8%)	0.770
Smoking		13/28 (46.4%)	6/44 (13.6%)	0.0021*
Smoking index		20.71 ± 23.36	2.5 ± 6.77	< 0.0001*
Initial mean ABP		140.7 ± 22.45	104.3 ± 12.97	< 0.0001*
Initial m-NIHSS		17.29 ± 1.97	17.2 ± 2.74	< 0.0001*
Follow-up m-NIHSS difference		9.32 ± 3.86	3 ± 1.88	< 0.0001*
SMASH-U	HTN	16/28 (57.1%)	24/44 (54.4%)	0.385
	MI	4/28 (14.3%)	10/44 (22.7%)
	SD	7/28 (25%)	7/44 (15.9%)
	SVL	1/28 (3.6%)	3/44 (6.8%)
Hematoma Sites	Lobar	12/28 (42.9%)	9/44 (20.5%)	0.077
	Deep	13/28 (46.4%)	28/44 (63.6%)
	Infratentorial	3/28 (10.7%)	7/44 (15.9%)
Intraventricular extension		9/28 (32.1%)	6/44 (13.6%)	0.059
Initial hematoma volume		31.19 ± 7.28	21.52 ± 5.28	< 0.0001*
Hematoma expansion volume		12.47 ± 5.36	1.78 ± 0.66	< 0.0001*
Hematoma irregular border		17/28 (60.7%)	11/44 (25%)	0.0024*
Blend sign		9/28 (32.1%)	4/44 (9.1%)	0.013*
Spot sign score		0.84 ± 0.76	0.11 ± 0.32	< 0.0001*
Mortality		15/28 (53.6%)	6/44 (13.6%)	0.0003*
Modified Rankin Scale		4.72 ± 1.24	3.1 ± 1.008	< 0.0001*

ABP arterial blood pressure, HTN hypertension, MI medication induced, m-NIHSS modified National Institute of Health stroke scale, SD systemic disease, SVL structural vascular lesion
*Significant