Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with PD

Age (mean ± SD)

62.30

5.642

 Disease duration (mean ± SD)

4.7

2.2

  Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (30 = normal)

26.8

1.8

  Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)

   UPDRS part II score (68 = severe)

15.5

8.9

   UPDRS part III score (108 = severe)

37.5

16.3

  Modified Hoehn and Yahr rating (5 = severe)

2.1

0.6

Number of patients

Percentage

 Male

38

70.4

 Female

16

29.6

 Tremor dominant

46

85.2

 Postural Instability and gait instability

8

14.8

 Normal

35

64.8

 Dysphagia

19

35.2

  Oral phase

13

24

  Pharyngeal phase

6

11.1

 Normal swallowing

32

59.3

 Residual

20

37.0

 Aspiration

2

3.7

Salivation scale

 Normal salivation

17

31.5

 Sialorrhea

37

68.5